5. Logic model
A logic model depicts a programme’s expected path and how different elements of the intervention activity and its outcomes are linked. Since it can take years for the ultimate outcome of KFRS’s intervention activity to be realised (e.g. an actual reduction in fire incidents and/or fire fatalities), evaluation must monitor short and medium-term outcomes that will likely lead to the long-term impact. A logic model can help to inform what should and can practically be measured and when to assess the impact of the intervention activity.
Example: At a family open day where feedback may be sought from a wide range of different people, KFRS may use rating systems that make use of stickers or fire related equipment for customers to interact with or move around in order to show their choice. Other forms of data collection may ask participants to write on tablecloths during discussions (see world café method in Section 7.4), or respond to using intervention material in real-time for user testing ahead of launch.
Logic models include the resources needed to deliver the intervention activity (inputs), outputs in terms of intervention content (activities) and target audience (participants), and outcomes of the intervention activity in terms of behavioural or attitudinal change, engagement and customer experience, and benefits to the customer (short, medium, and long-term). It can also be useful to consider during development of the logic model any assumptions that are being made about the intervention activity or audience (such as, whether the audience will complete the intervention activity at all) and wider contextual influences, such as political and economic changes that might influence customers or KFRS resources.
Appendix 1 shows examples of logic models for the education programme, safe and well visits, campaigns, online open days, and buildings safety areas of Customer Engagement and Safety. It is a broad overview of each intervention activity, and for each specific element of the programmes a separate logic model with specific outcomes is developed.